Oct 14, 2023
Selenium (Se), which is an essential mineral and serves as an important part of many enzymatic activations, exists in two forms: "selenomethionine" in plant tissues and "selenocysteine" in animal tissues. Its metabolism is organized according to various requirements. Its level is affected by serum selenium and serum glutathione peroxidase activity. In general, protein-rich foods are good sources of selenium (Süzen, B ve ark., 2022).
Selenium and GPX1 Gene Relationship
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family, whose members catalyze the reduction of organic hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by glutathione, thus protecting cells against oxidative damage. Selenium and GPx-1 may stimulate the repair of genotoxic DNA damage, which may explain the benefits of selenium intake and high GPx-1 activity (Karunasinghe N. et al., 2012). Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) is an antioxidant selenoenzyme that protects cells against reactive oxygen species. Its activity depends on the concentration of selenium (Se) in the active centre of the enzyme (Jablonska E. et al., 2009).
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SELENIUM |
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Genes |
rs |
Minor Allel |
Minor Allel Description |
Reference |
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GPX1 |
rs1050450 |
T |
High relative risk for low GPX enzyme activity.
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(Donadio JLS. et al., 2019).
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The table above contains the genes and their polymorphisms that play a role in Selenium metabolism. Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) activity is sensitive to changes in Se status in individuals with low to moderate intakes. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variant rs1050450 in the GPX1 gene has been associated with an increased risk of lung, breast, prostate and bladder cancer. GPx1 activity and thus Se levels are reduced in subjects with the rare T allele for rs1050450 in GPX1 (Donadio JLS. et al., 2019).
REFERENCES
Donadio JLS, Rogero MM, Guerra-Shinohara EM, Barbosa F Jr, Desmarchelier C, Borel P, Sneddon AA, Hesketh JE, Cozzolino SMF. Genetic variants in selenoprotein genes modulate biomarkers of selenium status in response to Brazil nut supplementation (the SU.BRA.NUT study). Clin Nutr. 2019 Apr;38(2):539-548. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.03.011. Epub 2018 Mar 23. PMID: 29609868. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29609868/
Jablonska E, Gromadzinska J, Reszka E, Wasowicz W, Sobala W, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Boffetta P. Association between GPx1 Pro198Leu polymorphism, GPx1 activity and plasma selenium concentration in humans. Eur J Nutr. 2009 Sep;48(6):383-6. doi: 10.1007/s00394-009-0023-0. Epub 2009 May 5. PMID: 19415410. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19415410/
Karunasinghe N, Han DY, Zhu S, Yu J, Lange K, Duan H, Medhora R, Singh N, Kan J, Alzaher W, Chen B, Ko S, Triggs CM, Ferguson LR. Serum selenium and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes for selenoproteins: relationship to markers of oxidative stress in men from Auckland, New Zealand. Genes Nutr. 2012 Apr;7(2):179-90. doi: 10.1007/s12263-011-0259-1. Epub 2011 Dec 3. PMID: 22139612; PMCID: PMC3316745. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3316745/
Süzen, B., Şahin, G. G., Baykan, H. K., Yaşar, Ş., Serçe, M. K., & Kaya, İ. (2022). Selenyum ve Kanser. Kapadokya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 13-24. https://ksbd.kapadokya.edu.tr/index.php/ksbd/article/view/8